Saint Helena or St Helena is a remote tropical volcanic island in the South Atlantic Ocean, belonging to the United Kingdom. The island lies some 1,950 km (1,210 mi) west of the coast of south-western Africa, and 4,000 km (2,500 miles) east of Rio de Janeiro on the South American coast.
It is one of the most isolated islands in the world and was uninhabited until it was discovered by the Portuguese in 1502. It was an important stopover for ships sailing to Europe from Asia and South Africa for centuries.
St Helena is one of three British Overseas Territory grouped as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Saint Helena is about 16 by 8 km (10 by 5 mi) and has a population of around 4000 whom are referred to as Saints.
In 1657 Oliver Cromwell granted the British based East India Company a charter to govern Saint Helena. The following year the East India Company decided to fortify the Island and colonize it.
The Island was named after Saint Helena of Constantinople.